Africa+Nationalism



** Essential Questions **:


 * **How can political change cause conflict**

Political change may not be the people. They still could be the different opinion, because people still have different ideas.
 * Political Changes cause conflict that people do not agree to the government. It could also cause the conflict between the people themselves.**


 * **How does the development of nationalism impact people, nations, and empires?**

The American Flag, Uncle Sam ( The nationalism of US). Things that raise the nations.
 * Nationalism impacts people, nations, and empires within political, economic and social.**


 * **How can political relationships affect economic relationships?**

It does cause the relations, because some Africa people might not have technology, but they have other things that other might not know of.
 * If changing economic it also need a strong political supports, both were tight together, once relate to another.**


 * **What characteristics and factors unite people as a nation?**

Votes, rights Tragedy, sort of 911, Pearl Harbor Cultural things, celebrations, Thanksgiving, Christmas Common view points
 * Characteristic and factors united people as a nations if people and government have the same idea of the certain things.**
 * When people come together as a nations, that people.**

__**Comment on Africa Video**__:


 * China was over taking by Europe
 * Opium, that European force China to trade
 * 1900 century, imperialism that European turn Africa another way
 * fuel, iron to raise the economic
 * disaster kill European
 * technology is the turning point
 * gun technology
 * British imperialism involved a lot of fighting and a lot of dying
 * India and Britain became friend
 * The advantages of British that they got the guns and others countries haven't
 * European technology
 * Imperialism could survive
 * Europe would dominate Africa
 * Africa fought back
 * European went to Africa because they have cotton and fuel, iron and etc..
 * Africa depend on intermediate government

Imperialism and Global and Economic


 * Like a cyclone, imperialism spins across the globe; militarism crushes peoples, and sucks the blood like a vampire. **
 * By Karl ** **Liechtenstein**

It meant that imperialism spread all around the world, it was global. Nations were depending on other nations. Sort of trading, marketing. cyclone meaning a unpredictable storm. Imperialism The gun technology had hunt Africa, British used guns and Africa used outdated weapons, that is the disadvantage of Africa The European were taking all the raw materials out of Africa, just like a Vampire sucks the blood out of the body. British were so much interesting there raw materials.

__**European Imperialism in Africa: (Video )**__
 * Imperialism brought wealth and power to European
 * European have strong economic and political
 * African society reduce population
 * industrial revolution, new weapons, economic move faster
 * Heart of Darkness- talked about the darkness of imperialism
 * Africa had a long and struggle economic
 * by early 1800, only colonies in Africa

Scramble for Africa (Mark Up)

Notes from text book page 359:

GO on New Imperialism,Text book page 359

** Picture Detective **:


 * Ask a Question
 * What do you see )Clues)
 * What is the message of the political cartoon?



Why is Uncle Sam involved? Why is the Asian on top of British? Why is Uncle Sam had Red Cross on his arm?

I See:
 * Uncle Sam holding African
 * They were trading
 * American and British tried to claimed to the top of the mountain
 * people on top of that British man were laughing
 * The rock said Ignorance
 * Asian in the basket were laughing
 * Pointing at American
 * civilization
 * The African American were tried to claimed through to rich Civilization
 * They were Imperialism from South America

__**Message of Political Cartoon:**__

This Political Cartoon had the message that British and American had a race of claimed up to achieve Civilization, British holding Asia and they were faster than American, that they pointing at and laughing at them. It had showed that Social Darwinism, whoever had stronger ability, they reach civilization first. Also American wanted to pass all ignorance, oppression and etc.. to get to Civilization.



1. According to Kipling, and in your own words, what was the “White Man’s Burden”? . The duty of White people to manage the affair of those less-developed cultures 2. What reward did Kipling suggest the “White Man” gets for carrying his “burden”? A special place in paradise 3. Who did Kipling think would read his poem? What do you think that this audience might have said in response to it? It addressed to the people of the United States at the time the country was engaging itself in the affairs of the Philippines in the Spanish American War 4. What lines of the poem did you find the most interesting and why? To wait in Heavy harness I think its interesting because it meaning waiting is in the hard and heavy position.

Berlin Conference Mark up

Video Notes- Berlin 1885: The Division of African
 * 16 different countries
 * Berlin 1885 The Scramble for Africa
 * 6 months secret talk, bargaining had changed the future of African
 * Docudrama based on unrevealed archives
 * 1885 draw a line in the map

// " Throughout history it has been the inaction of those who could have acted, the indifference //// of those who should have known better, the silence of the voice of justice when it mattered //// that has made it possible for evil to triumph." //** Haille Selassie, Ethiopian emperor, 1892-1975 ** Questions to consider ** : **

The author written in Africa perspective that they were in silent. The author make this statement by saying " the indifference of those who should have known better, the silence of the voice of justice when it mattered that has made it possible for evil to triumph. It related to Imperialism in Africa that they also in silence of the rights, that even when European were taking over the resources, they could not say a word because they do not have enough power to fight back against.
 * What is the perspective of the author? What events might have caused the author to think as he does?
 * Why might the author be making this statement?
 * How does the quote relate to Imperialism in Africa? Explain.

**"On French Colonial Expansion" A Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, March 28, 1884, by Jules Ferry (1832-1893): Ferry was twice prime minister of France, from (1880-1881, 1883-1885)** // Gentlemen, we must speak more loudly and more honestly! We must say openly that indeed the higher races have a right over the lower races... // // I repeat, that the superior race races have a right because they have a duty. They have the duty to civilize inferior races...In the history of earlier centuries these duties gentlemen have been misunderstood; and certainly when the Spanish soldiers and explorers introduced slavery into Central America, they did not fulfill their duty as men of a higher race....But in our time, I maintain that European nations acquit themselves with generosity, with grandeur, and with sincerity of this superior civilizing duty. //

// I say that French colonial policy, the policy of colonial expansion, the policy that has taken us under the Empire, that has led us to Tunisia, to Madagascar- I say this policy of colonial expansion was inspired by...the fact that a navy such as ours cannot do withtout safe harbors, defenses, supply centers on the high seas...Are you unaware of this? Look at the map of the world. //

The author's viewpoint that the French should speak loudly of the race, because they have a right to speak out loud to gain freedom. The European nation has a sincerity of superior civilization duty. Giving out this speech because they want to get a right to speak. The French Colonial policy that taken them under the Empire, they do not have a right to say.
 * Who is the author of this piece of evidence? What is his viewpoint?
 * What justifications does he offer to support his viewpoint?
 * Why might he be giving this speech? What is the purpose of this speech?
 * What does the speech tell you about life and attitudes of that time?

"The Rhodes of Colossus: Striding from Cape Town to Cairo" Published in Punch, or the London Charivari, December 10, 1982.Artists: Linley Sambourne

The cartoon published in Dec.10, 1982, in Punch, or the London Charicari. The perspective of this cartoon might be taking the land, In this Illustration, the man in the cartoon were across the whole country or a big piece of lands, it made a point that he is getting this land. Cairo being depicted in this cartoon, I see a gun and it representing he is a soldier. The artist viewpoint that soldiers help the country gain land, he is all across the land.
 * Where and when was this political cartoon published? What impact might this have on its perspective and bias?
 * What meaning does the title give to the Illustration? Why might the author have chosen the words he did/ (colossus, striding, Cape Town and Cairo)
 * Who is being depicted in this political cartoon? (research cartoon) What objects do you see?
 * What is the artists viewpoint? What evidence from the political cartoon supports your claim?

" //**Moshweshewe: Letter ton Sir George Grey, 1858" written by Mark X of Moshweshewe, Chief of the Basutos**//.

Letter from Moshweshewe

Moshweshewe wrote this letter, his purpose is trying to tell the people that white men were not honest. They were the European that taken over Africa, Boers is the first group, then Harry Smith. In the letter, Moshweshewe claim that the white man ask for permission to live in their lands, but then the land got taken over. I think the letter is successful in fulfilling, because it has showed all the purpose of not all white man are honest. Boers meet black as a friend. at first.
 * Who is the author? Why is he writing the letter? What is the purpose?
 * The letter included the names of several individuals and groups. Who are these individuals and groups? How do they impact the meaning of the letter? (you will have to research names and groups as example Boers, Harry Smith....)
 * Do you think the letter was successful in fulfilling its purpose? Why or why not? Use evidence (quotes) from the letter to support your claim.

"These, the blacks who were acquainted with them, praised for their justice. Unfortunately it was not with the English government that my first contact with the whites commenced. People who had come from the Colony first presented themselves to us, they called themselves Boers. I thought all white men were honest. Some of these Boers asked permission to live upon our borders. I was led to believe they would live with me as my own people lived, that is looking to me as to a father and a friend."


 * Source: Ndansi Kumalo, African veteran of the Ndebele Rebellion against British advances in southern Africa, 1896. **

So we surrendered to the White people and were told to go back to our homes and live our usual lives and attend to our crops. We were treated like slaves. They came and were overbearing. We were ordered to carry their clothes and bundles. They harmed our wives and our daughters. How the rebellion started I do not know; there was no organization, it was like a fire that suddenly flames up. I had an old gun. They—the White men—fought us with big guns, machine guns, and rifles. Many of our people were killed in this fight: I saw four of my cousins shot. We made many charges but each time we were defeated.But for the White men’s machine guns, it would have been different.

White men ask African to go back to their place and live like a slaves. Imperialists treated African as slaves, The white man fought African with machine guns and African got nothing to fight back against them. The rebellion unsuccessful because African do not have the advance equipment to fight back, they witness their family and friends got kill.
 * How were the the people of southern Africa treated by the imperialists?
 * Why was the African rebellion unsuccessful?


 * Source: Mojimba, African chief, describing a battle in 1877 on the Congo River against British and African mercenaries, as told to a German Catholic missionary in 1907. **

And still those bangs went on; the long sticks spat fire, pieces of iron whistled around us,fell into the water with a hissing sound, and our brothers continued to fall. We ran into our village and they ran after us. We fled into the forest and flung ourselves on the ground. When we returned that evening our eyes beheld fearful things: our brothers, dead, bleeding, our village plundered and burned, and the river full of dead bodies.You call us wicked men, but you White men are much more wicked! You think because you have guns you can take away our land and our possessions. You have sickness in your heads, for this is not justice

The author referred to the Africa's perspective on the imperialism, that they thought the European were got head sick that trying to take over their lands.
 * Who is the author of this source? What does it refer to?
 * Describe the strength of the sides in this battle using evidence from the text.

"...that evening our eyes beheld fearful things: our brothers, dead, bleeding, our village plundered and burned" They battle was cruel, White men used guns and fires to kill black men, they seeing their families are gone and the heart sick is still live in.


 * What is the chief's opinion of the British?


 * Source: German military officer, account of the 1905 Maji Maji Rebellion in German East Africa, German military weekly newspaper, 1906 **.

The chiefs spread it among their people that a spirit, living in the form of a snake, had given a magic medicine to a medicine man. The medicine guaranteed a good harvest, so that in future people would no more need to perform wage labor for foreigners in order to obtain accustomed luxuries. The medicine would also give invulnerability, acting in such a way that enemy bullets would fall from their targets like raindrops from a greased body. It would strengthen women and children for the flight customary in wartime, with the associated hardships and privations, and protect them from being seized by the victorious attackers, who were accustomed to taking women and children with them as war prizes. The medicine consisted of water, maize, and sorghum grains. The water was applied by pouring it over the head and by drinking.


 * What is the message the German military officer was trying to send about the East Africans? Give evidence from the document to support your claim


 * Why do you think the Africans made such claims?

**Document 8**:

Smithsonian Institution sponsored African expedition for Theodore Roosevelt, 1909-1910. Photo was used as an illustration in Theodore Roosevelt's book, "African Game Trails" published in 1910.



White man and elephant The photo shown the white man stand beside the dead elephant, he holds the gun and proud out his work. It involved social of Africa, that white man come over to Africa's land and take their stuff without permissions, white man kill the elephant, which Africa Elephant known as the treasure of the country. It is a crime to kill animals, that laws also approved.
 * Describe the person and objects in this photo.
 * What is the purpose of the photograph?
 * What economic or social implications does this photo indicate about Africa in 1909?

**Document 9**:



The European industries grow so fast from African resources, sort of like cotton, coffee, sugar, rubber, ivory,fum, palm oil, metals, and etc... that these all benefits the European from Africa, South Africa is the most valuable colonies, because they have gold and diamond. Imperialism in Africa that European were kind of taking control of Africa and use Africa resources to benefits them, Africa do not have the advance technology to fight back with the European.
 * What European industries benefited from African resources?
 * Which European country do you feel had the most valuable colonies? Why?
 * How could this document be used to explain the primary reason for European imperialism in Africa?


 * Document 10 ** :

"Colonialism’s greatest misdeed was to have tried to strip us of our responsibility in conducting our own affairs and convince us that our civilization was nothing less than savagery, thus giving us complexes which led to our being branded as irresponsible and lacking in self-confidence. ..

The colonial powers had assimilated each of their colonies into their own economy.

Our continent possesses tremendous reserves of raw material and they, together with its potential sources of power, give it excellent conditions for industrialization. . ."

Sekou Toure, West African nationalist, 1962

West Africa Nationalism claimed Africa imperialism got the potential resources that could create powers. it will give them excellent condition for industrialization to grow their economic.
 * In 1962, what was the response of this West African nationalist to years of colonialism?